Diarrheagenicity evaluation of attenuated Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 strains in the human intestine ex vivo

Vaccine. 1999 Feb 26;17(7-8):949-56. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00310-7.

Abstract

The recent spread of El Tor cholera in Latin America highlights the need for a safe and economical vaccine. The main approach for developing live recombinant vaccines has been to disarm known pathogenic strains of cholera toxin leaving intact antigens involved in protection. These recombinant vaccine candidates do not cause severe diarrhea, but they are too reactogenic for wide scale usage. We describe here a test capable of determining the diarrheagenic potential of attenuated V. cholerae strains. The functional test consists in the simultaneous recording of net water movement, electrical potential difference and short-circuit current across the human intestine ex vivo. We found that human tissues incubated with supernatants from the attenuated 638, 413 and 251a V. cholerae strains caused no changes in the ion conductances and water absorption in ileal and colon tissues allowing them to be assayed in volunteers.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cholera Vaccines / toxicity*
  • Diarrhea / immunology*
  • Diarrhea / metabolism
  • Diarrhea / microbiology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Ileum / immunology
  • Ileum / metabolism
  • Ileum / microbiology
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Intestinal Mucosa / immunology
  • Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism
  • Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology*
  • Lethal Dose 50
  • Mice
  • Rabbits
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / toxicity
  • Vibrio cholerae / immunology*
  • Vibrio cholerae / pathogenicity

Substances

  • Cholera Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Attenuated