The authors evaluate their experience with malignant lymphomas of the thyroid gland, recorded in 22 patients from a total of 4501 operated on account of thyroid diseases in the course of 22 years. Although thyroid lymphomas are rare, their number is increasing. In localized findings curative procedures can be used, possibly supplemented by operations of the lymph nodes. The method of choice is still radiotherapy and surgery, in particular in lesions restricted to the thyroid gland. The role of chemotherapy is still controversial.