Aim: To evaluate the histopathological characteristics of colonic polyps, found during colonoscopy examination and endoscopic polypectomy, and their relation to age, tumor location, sex, histological type and degree of epithelial dysplasia.
Material and methods: Between 1996 and 1997, 2,465 total colonoscopies were performed at the Gastroenterology Department of the Virgin Macarena University Hospital in Seville. Different size polyps were found in 318 patients who had been referred because of several symptoms/by several centers. The mean age was 59.2 years in men and 61.5 years in women.
Results: 446 polyps were removed by endoscopic polypectomy, 32 (7.2%) were hyperplastic polyps, 402 were adenomas (90.2%) and 12 (2.6%) were adenomas with adenocarcinoma. Seventy-five percent of adenomas were located in the left colon and rectum and 25% in right colon. Hyperplastic polyps were found in left colon. Of the polyps removed, 55.1% were smaller than 1 cm, 26.5% were between 1 and 2 cm and 18.4% were between 2 and 7 cm. Histopathologic study of adenomas revealed that 17% were villous adenoma, 80% were tubular adenomas and 3% were tubulovillous adenomas. Adenocarcinomas were found in 12 (2.8%) adenomas. Of the adenomatous polyps, 87.4% had low-grade dysplasia and 12.6% high-grade dysplasia. Statistical analysis showed a strong correlation between size of adenoma and degree of dysplasia (p < 0.05). Similar significant relation was found between histological type and size (p < 0.05) but there were no statistically significant differences between location, sex or age, and degree of dysplasia (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Size of colonic polyps is related to epithelial dysplasia and histological type (p < 0.05). No correlation was found between location, sex or age and degree of dysplasia.