Specific sequence motif of 8-Cys repeats of TGF-beta binding proteins, LTBPs, creates a hydrophobic interaction surface for binding of small latent TGF-beta

Mol Biol Cell. 2000 Aug;11(8):2691-704. doi: 10.1091/mbc.11.8.2691.

Abstract

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-betas are secreted in large latent complexes consisting of TGF-beta, its N-terminal latency-associated peptide (LAP) propeptide, and latent TGF-beta binding protein (LTBP). LTBPs are required for secretion and subsequent deposition of TGF-beta into the extracellular matrix. TGF-beta1 associates with the 3(rd) 8-Cys repeat of LTBP-1 by LAP. All LTBPs, as well as fibrillins, contain multiple 8-Cys repeats. We analyzed the abilities of fibrillins and LTBPs to bind latent TGF-beta by their 8-Cys repeats. 8-Cys repeat was found to interact with TGF-beta1*LAP by direct cysteine bridging. LTBP-1 and LTBP-3 bound efficiently all TGF-beta isoforms, LTBP-4 had a much weaker binding capacity, whereas LTBP-2 as well as fibrillins -1 and -2 were negative. A short, specific TGF-beta binding motif was identified in the TGF-beta binding 8-Cys repeats. Deletion of this motif in the 3(rd) 8-Cys repeat of LTBP-1 resulted in loss of TGF-beta*LAP binding ability, while its inclusion in non-TGF-beta binding 3(rd) 8-Cys repeat of LTBP-2 resulted in TGF-beta binding. Molecular modeling of the 8-Cys repeats revealed a hydrophobic interaction surface and lack of three stabilizing hydrogen bonds introduced by the TGF-beta binding motif necessary for the formation of the TGF-beta*LAP - 8-Cys repeat complex inside the cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Carrier Proteins / chemistry*
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cysteine / chemistry*
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Fibrillins
  • Fibroblasts
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*
  • Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins / chemistry
  • Microfilament Proteins / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Isoforms / chemistry
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Transfection
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / chemistry*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism*

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Fibrillins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • LTBP1 protein, human
  • LTBP2 protein, human
  • LTBP3 protein, human
  • LTBP4 protein, human
  • Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • Cysteine