Head and neck skin involvement by non-cutaneous head and neck cancers: free flap reconstruction

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with skin involvement from head and neck cancer have a poor prognosis, with a median survival time of 2 months.

Method and results: During a 9 year period, 31 patients with skin involvement above the clavicle by non-cutaneous malignant tumours of the head and neck were treated. In 19 males and 12 females with a mean age of 62 years, the parotid gland (32%) and the oral cavity (29%) were the commonest sites of primary disease and 77% of the cases were squamous cell carcinomas. Twenty-six had recurrent disease, 20 had received previous radiotherapy and all underwent surgical resection with free flap reconstruction, the commonest being the radial forearm (78%). Complete histological clearance was achieved in 53% of the cases, and adjuvant post-operative irradiation was given to 60%. With this form of management, palliation was extended to a mean survival of 23 months. Six patients are currently alive and disease free at a mean follow up of 4.5 years.

Conclusions: Patients with head and neck skin involvement by non-cutaneous head and neck malignancies have a very poor prognosis, but surgical resection combined with free microvascular flap reconstruction and planned post-operative radiotherapy, can offer good long-term palliation.