Background and objectives: Recent investigations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have clearly demonstrated that specific karyotypic abnormalities result in distinct biological and clinical entities. We focus on recent advances on biology and treatment of AML with t(8;21).
Data sources and methods: The information presented here derives from literature data and experience of the authors. The most relevant studies are critically analyzed and discussed.
State of art: Peculiar molecular, morphologic, immunophenotypic and epidemiologic findings of AML with t(8;21) as well as current methods for the evaluation of minimal residual disease are presented. Results from current therapeutic options including consolidation chemotherapy or transplantation procedures are critically reviewed.
Perspectives: Innovative therapeutic approaches based on risk-adapted, patient-oriented approaches would be possible in this AML subtype, provided that answers to many unresolved questions are given.