A rational strategy to design multiepitope immunogens based on multiple Th lymphocyte epitopes

J Immunol. 2002 Jun 1;168(11):5499-506. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.11.5499.

Abstract

Four HLA-DR-restricted HIV-derived Th lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes cross-reactive with the murine I-A(b) class II molecule were used to evaluate different vaccine design strategies to simultaneously induce multiple HTL responses. All four epitopes were immunogenic in H-2(b) mice, demonstrating the feasibility of murine models to evaluate epitope-based vaccines destined for human use. Immunization with a pool of peptides induced responses against all four epitopes; illustrating immunodominance does not prevent the induction of balanced multispecific responses. When different delivery systems were evaluated, a multiple Ag peptide construct was found to be less efficient than a linear polypeptide encompassing all four epitopes. Further characterization of linear polypeptide revealed that the sequential arrangement of the epitopes created a junctional epitope with high affinity class II binding. Disruption of this junctional epitope through the introduction of a GPGPG spacer restored the immunogenicity against all four epitopes. Finally, we demonstrate that a GPGPG spacer construct can be used to induce HTL responses by either polypeptide or DNA immunization, highlighting the flexibility of the approach.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte*
  • HIV / immunology*
  • HLA-DR Antigens / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunization
  • Mice
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology*
  • Vaccines / immunology*
  • Vaccines, DNA / immunology

Substances

  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • HLA-DR Antigens
  • Vaccines
  • Vaccines, DNA