Chronic stress in nonelderly caregivers: psychological, endocrine and immune implications

J Psychosom Res. 2002 Dec;53(6):1153-61. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00343-4.

Abstract

Objective: This investigation examined whether the immune dysregulation that characterises elderly informal caregivers (e.g., spousal caregivers of dementia patients) extends to a younger caregiver population, specifically spousal carers of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Method: MS spousal caregivers (n=41, mean age 43 years, 14 women, 27 men) and noncaregiving controls (n=62, mean age 33 years, 44 women, 18 men) were recruited. Psychological morbidity (i.e., self-reported stress, anxiety and depression), endocrine activity (i.e., salivary cortisol and DHEAs) and immunity (i.e., IgG and HAI responses to influenza vaccination and IFN-gamma and IL-4 levels) were assessed.

Results and conclusions: MS caregivers and noncaregivers did not differ significantly in their IgG or HAI responses to influenza vaccination or in levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4. However, it remains unclear whether the "preserved" immune response of these younger caregivers was due to (1) an absence of immune senescence, (2) a relative absence of psychological morbidity, or both.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Caregivers / psychology*
  • Chronic Disease / rehabilitation
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone / analysis
  • Endocrine System / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrocortisone / analysis
  • Immune System / physiology*
  • Immunoglobulin G / analysis
  • Male
  • Morbidity
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Spouses
  • Stress, Psychological*

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone
  • Hydrocortisone