Prevention of peritoneal metastasis of human gastric cancer cells in nude mice by S-1, a novel oral derivative of 5-Fluorouracil

Oncology. 2003;64(2):176-82. doi: 10.1159/000067774.

Abstract

Objective: Recent clinical trials have suggested that oral administration of a new anti-cancer agent, S-1, seems a promising therapy for advanced gastric cancer. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of S-1 against peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer in a newly developed animal model and investigated the efficacy of S-1 from a pharmacokinetic angle.

Methods: Human gastric cancer cells (MKN-45) were injected into the peritoneal cavity of nude mice. The cancer cells were transduced using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing plasmid vector, enabling micrometastatic foci to be accurately assessed with a high level of detection sensitivity. To investigate pharmacokinetics, the concentration of 5-FU was determined in tumor, peritoneum and plasma.

Results: Fourteen and 21 days after intraperitoneal injection, a significant difference in the number of fluorescent foci was observed between the control group and the S-1 group (p = 0.02 and p = 0.0024, respectively. The therapeutic effect of S-1 was significantly greater than that of 5-FU. Furthermore, S-1 treatment greatly improved the survival time and cachexia. The area under the curve of 5-FU in tumor was higher than in the peritoneum and plasma.

Conclusion: Oral S-1 is a promising chemotherapy for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage*
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / chemical synthesis
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / pharmacokinetics
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / pharmacology*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Combinations
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Oxonic Acid / administration & dosage*
  • Oxonic Acid / chemical synthesis
  • Oxonic Acid / pharmacokinetics
  • Oxonic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Pyridines / administration & dosage*
  • Pyridines / chemical synthesis
  • Pyridines / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Tegafur / administration & dosage*
  • Tegafur / chemical synthesis
  • Tegafur / pharmacokinetics
  • Tegafur / pharmacology*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • Drug Combinations
  • Pyridines
  • S 1 (combination)
  • Tegafur
  • Oxonic Acid
  • Fluorouracil