Modulation of p53 and p73 levels by cyclin G: implication of a negative feedback regulation

Oncogene. 2003 Mar 20;22(11):1678-87. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206306.

Abstract

Cyclin G is a transcriptional target gene of tumor suppressor p53. Recent studies present evidence that cyclin G may play a central role in the p53-Mdm2 autoregulated module, but the precise function of cyclin G remains elusive. Here, we show a negative effect of cyclin G on the stability of p53 and p73. Cyclin G expression resulted in a dramatic decrease of p53 protein levels in response to DNA damage and abrogated irradiation-mediated G1 arrest along with an increase of S phase in MCF7 cells containing wild-type p53. In p53-null Saos2 cells, cyclin G inhibited p73 induction in response to genotoxic stress and delayed the camptothecin-mediated cell cycle arrest. Cyclin G interacts with p53 as well as p73, and its binding to p53 or p73 presumably mediates downregulation of p53 and p73. We also found that cyclin G-mediated reduction of p53 but not of p73 is Mdm2-dependent. Moreover, inhibition of cyclin G by small interfering RNA (siRNA) caused the accumulation of p53 and p73 protein levels in response to DNA damage. Therefore, our results imply that cyclin G is transcriptionally activated by p53 or p73, and, in turn, cyclin G negatively regulates the stabilization of p53 family proteins through an unknown mechanism different from ubiquitination or transcriptional control.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Blotting, Northern
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Cycle
  • Cell Separation
  • Cyclin G
  • Cyclin G1
  • Cyclins / metabolism
  • Cyclins / physiology*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Down-Regulation
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Genes, Tumor Suppressor
  • Humans
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
  • Transcription, Genetic
  • Tumor Protein p73
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Ubiquitin / metabolism

Substances

  • CCNG1 protein, human
  • Cyclin G
  • Cyclin G1
  • Cyclins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • TP73 protein, human
  • Tumor Protein p73
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Ubiquitin
  • MDM2 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2