There is an abundance of evidence from recent randomized clinical trials showing that lowering the IOP is beneficial to the optic nerve and visual field. Setting and achieving a target IOP range is in keeping with evidence-based medicine. The benefits of reaching this target must be weighed against the risks of the treatment itself. Target IOP is a dynamic concept, needing constant reevaluation. What is lacking are established guidelines for determining the target IOP range that can be used in general ophthalmology practice.