Aim: In this retrospective study the authors have investigated the occurrence and the possible risk factors of renal failure following heart surgery on CPB.
Patients and methods: 52 perioperative variables of 536 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery have been analysed. Types of surgery were as follows: coronary-bypass: 266 (49.6%), combined coronary-bypass: 62 (11.5%), valve replacement: 171 (31.9%), adult repair of congenital: disease 24 (4.4%), aortic dissection: 6 (1.1%), others 7 (1.3%). In the past medical history those patients involved in the study chronically impaired renal function could be found in 2.2%, whilst kidney stone and chronic pyelonephritis appeared in 2.4% and 1.2% respectively. Postoperative renal failure developed in 31 patients (5.8%), 3 of them required haemodialysis (0.6%). For the statistical analysis chi 2 test, t-test, Levine-test, Mann-Whitney-test and logistic regression analysis were applied using the SPSS software.
Results: On the basis of the performed multivariable logistic regression analysis the risk factors of renal failure following open heart surgery are as follows: age, duration of anaesthesia, chronic pyelonephritis in past medical history, preoperative serum creatinine level and low cardiac output syndrome.