Objectives: To investigate mechanisms of textile failure in explanted human aortic endoprostheses.
Materials and methods: Endoprostheses (n31) underwent optical and scanning electron microscopy, filament dynamometry, and saturation index measurement.
Results: The macroscopic lesions observed in the Stentor and Vanguard devices were holes at the extremities of the stents and slipping of the warp yarns at the level of sutures or of the longitudinal seams. The macroscopic lesions observed in AneurX endoprostheses were holes, slipping of the warp yarns and ruptures of the ligatures. The macroscopic lesions observed in the two Talent endoprostheses were sections of fibers at the level of the suture holes and few areas lesions of wear, with sometimes holes at the contact of the stent extremities. Stentor, Vanguard and AneurX all demonstrated low saturation indexes of the fabric (44-59%) with an important anisotropy. Whereas the Talent endograft demonstrated a high index of saturation (124-131%) with a low anisotropy. We did not demonstrate significant polymer degradation in any of the endoprostheses.
Conclusions: It is essential to take into account the saturation index to optimally choose a woven textile for the construction of an endoprosthesis since this property of the textile may contribute to explain the macroscopic lesions observed. We did not observe significant polymer degradation by filament dynamometry but further studies are needed to confirm these data.