[Treatment of cardiogenic shock with thrombolysis and coronary angioplasty]

Rev Esp Cardiol. 1992:45 Suppl 2:43-9.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

The incidence of cardiogenic shock in patients with acute myocardial infarction can be estimated between 2 and 12%, with a mortality close to 75%. Most pathologic studies demonstrate that myocardial necrosis involves more than 40% of left ventricular mass in these patients. Severe coronary disease is the rule, with three vessel disease in nearly 70% of cases. The efficacity of fibrinolytic treatment in reducing mortality is less evident in patient with shock. In the GISSI-1 study, Killip class IV patients had 69% mortality with streptokinase and 70% without; In the GISSI-2 trial, mortality was 65% with streptokinase and 78% with tPA. The thrombolytic drug used does not seem, thus, to influence the results. In a small series of 44 patients, intracoronary streptokinase achieved recanalization in 43% of cases, less than the average for the general population of patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving conventional treatment. Mortality was 42% in successfully treated patients, less than in those not reperfused. Coronary angioplasty seems superior to conventional fibrinolytic treatment. Results are promising, with survival between 56% and 61% in successfully reperfused patients. Recanalization rate may reach 75%. Surgery offers the only alternative when shock is due to any types of cardiac rupture; in the absence of this complication, its role is not well defined yet. Survival may be estimated in 50%.

Publication types

  • English Abstract
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary*
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Humans
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications
  • Myocardial Revascularization
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / etiology
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / mortality
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / therapy*
  • Thrombolytic Therapy