A randomized comparison of a multimodal management strategy versus combination antiemetics for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Anesth Analg. 2004 Jul;99(1):77-81. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000120161.30788.04.

Abstract

A multimodal management strategy for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) appears to be superior to single-drug prophylaxis. We tested the hypothesis that a multimodal PONV prophylaxis regimen incorporating total IV anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol and a combination of ondansetron and droperidol is more effective than a combination of these antiemetics in the presence of an inhaled anesthetic. Ninety patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized to one of three groups. Group 1 (multimodal group) received TIVA with propofol, droperidol, and ondansetron. Group 2 (combination group) received droperidol and ondansetron with isoflurane and nitrous oxide for the maintenance of anesthesia. Group 3 (TIVA group) received propofol for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. The complete response rate (no PONV and no rescue antiemetic) at 2 h after surgery was 90%, 63%, and 66% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P < 0.05, Group 1 versus Group 2). At 24 h, the complete response rate was 80%, 63%, and 43% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P < 0.05, Group 1 versus Group 3). Patient satisfaction was also greater in the multimodal group than in the other two groups in the postanesthesia care unit (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the multimodal management strategy for PONV was associated with a higher complete response rate and greater patient satisfaction when compared with similar antiemetic prophylaxis with inhaled anesthesia or TIVA with propofol.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anesthesia, Intravenous / adverse effects
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous / adverse effects
  • Antiemetics / therapeutic use*
  • Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / adverse effects
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Droperidol / therapeutic use
  • Drug Combinations
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Isoflurane / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitrous Oxide / adverse effects
  • Ondansetron / therapeutic use
  • Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / diagnosis
  • Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / prevention & control*
  • Propofol / adverse effects

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Intravenous
  • Antiemetics
  • Drug Combinations
  • Ondansetron
  • Isoflurane
  • Nitrous Oxide
  • Droperidol
  • Propofol