Primary induction of CD4 T cell responses in nasal associated lymphoid tissue during group A streptococcal infection

Eur J Immunol. 2004 Oct;34(10):2843-53. doi: 10.1002/eji.200425242.

Abstract

CD4 T cells are important for development of long-term immunity to bacterial infections. Here we describe construction of a group A streptococcus (GAS) strain that expresses the model ovalbumin epitope (OVA) on its surface, and the use of this strain in adoptive transfer experiments to study CD4 T cell response to bacterial infection in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), which was previously shown to be a specific target for GAS colonization. The OVA(+) GAS, but not the wild-type strain was shown to activate CD4 T cells in an antigen-specific manner both in vitro and in vivo. After intranasal infection of mice with this strain, OVA-specific CD4 T cells were first activated in NALT, which is functionally equivalent to human tonsils, rather than in the cervical lymph nodes. During localized infection, OVA(+) GAS induced rapid and prolonged activation of CD4 T cells at higher magnitudes in the NALT than in draining lymph nodes and spleen, where CD4 T cells underwent little or no activation. In contrast, systemic infection induced significantly higher activation of CD4 T cells in both lymph nodes and spleens, compared to when the infection was localized in NALT. Further investigation of cellular immune responses in NALT during GAS infection using adoptive T cell transfer, combined with the model antigen on the pathogen may ultimately shed light on mechanisms for failure of children to develop protective immune responses following streptococcal tonsillitis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adoptive Transfer
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Bacterial / immunology
  • Antigens, Bacterial / metabolism
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / immunology
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Carrier Proteins / immunology
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Lymphoid Tissue / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Nose / immunology*
  • Ovalbumin / immunology
  • Ovalbumin / metabolism
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / immunology
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Streptococcal Infections / immunology*
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / immunology

Substances

  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • streptococcal M protein
  • Ovalbumin