The purpose of this study is to clarify possible correlations between dementia and long term bedridden elderly patients in our special nursing home and geriatric hospital. At the time of our study, 42.6% of all our patients were bedridden, and the ratio increased in those groups of advanced age. The percentage of bedridden female patients was higher than that of males. Most bedridden patients, suffered disorders of the nervous system particularly disorders caused by cerebrovascular disease. Among the bedridden patients, the incidence of dementia was 82.8%. In most these cases, the degree of dementia was severe. The types and respective percentages of dementia were as follows: Vascular type 45.1%, Alzheimer's type 23.2%, mixed type 19.5% and others 12.2%. We think that Alzheimer's type dementia may cause a patient to become bedridden. On the other hand, vascular type dementia may be promoted by a patient's being bedridden for a long time. Tube-fed patients comprised 20% of all bedridden patients and all of these patients showed dementia. We believe that a patient's getting out of bed and receiving rehabilitation as soon as possible is vital to the prevention of becoming permanently bedridden. In respect to the present study of bedridden dementia patients, we would like to further study tube feeding and terminal care.