Introduction: The imaging presentation of some forms of multiple sclerosis may be misleading. In patients with a history of recent infection or vaccination, especially for adolescents or young adults, the differential diagnosis with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis can be difficult.
Case report: We report an unusual clinical and radiological presentation of multiple sclerosis, mimicking acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. We discuss clinical and radiological differential diagnosis, and the outcome after immunosuppressive treatment.
Conclusion: Distinguishing between acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and the first relapse of multiple sclerosis can be difficult. Brain imaging is a precious tool for differentiating between the two diseases.