A retrospective study of all the patients that underwent cesarean section at "Ramón Gonzalez Coro" Gynecoobstetric Hospital in 1997 and 1998 was made. The information about some variables, such as the diagnosis of cesarean sections, the frequency of infectious complications, the presence of complications according to the classification, the correct and incorrect use of antibiotics according to the classification of the surgical procedure and the occurrence of infectious complications due to the correct or incorrect use of antibiotics that were collected in the database of the Automated System to register cesarean sections was processed. The main indication was anterior cesarean section (34.1%), followed by cephalopelvic disproportion (13.5%). 17.1% had some infectious complications. Endometritis was the most frequent complicatrion (7.9%). Most of the infectious complications occurred in the clean cesarean sections (16.7%) and in the dirty cesarean sections (22.3%). The best use of antibiotics was observed in both groups (96.5 and 96.6%, respectively). Patients with an incorrect use of antibiotics had more infectious complications (37.8%). A statistical association was found between these 2 variables (p = 7.569 x 20).