Rates of antifungal resistance among Spanish clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans

J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 Dec;56(6):1144-7. doi: 10.1093/jac/dki393. Epub 2005 Nov 9.

Abstract

Objectives: Activities in vitro of six antifungal agents were tested against a collection of 317 Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans clinical isolates.

Methods: The procedure described in document 7.1 by the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing with minor modifications was employed.

Results: Amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole and ravuconazole exhibited a potent activity with geometric mean (GM) MICs under 0.26 mg/L. The GM MIC of flucytosine was 7.33 mg/L and that of fluconazole was 4.16 mg/L. The rates of antifungal resistance were 5.3% for amphotericin B, 0.9% for voriconazole and 3.1% for ravuconazole. Fifteen point eight per cent of strains had itraconazole MICs > or = 1 mg/L, and 46% of strains had flucytosine MICs > or = 8 mg/L. Fluconazole susceptibility (MIC < or = 8 mg/L) stood at 53.4%.

Conclusions: The percentage of fluconazole susceptibility was significantly lower than that in other surveys. Cross-resistance to itraconazole was common (33.8%) but almost the whole collection was susceptible to voriconazole and ravuconazole. These results should be confirmed with prospective and population-based surveillance programmes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cryptococcosis / microbiology*
  • Cryptococcus neoformans / drug effects*
  • Cryptococcus neoformans / isolation & purification
  • Drug Resistance, Fungal*
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Spain

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents