Peptidoglycan recognition proteins Pglyrp3 and Pglyrp4 are encoded from the epidermal differentiation complex and are candidate genes for the Psors4 locus on chromosome 1q21

Hum Genet. 2006 Mar;119(1-2):113-25. doi: 10.1007/s00439-005-0115-8. Epub 2005 Dec 17.

Abstract

Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease caused by genetic and environmental factors, including bacterial and viral infections. Since the skin is in constant contact with commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, we examined well-supported psoriasis genetic linkage intervals to identify genes encoding innate immune pattern recognition proteins that may play a role in pathogenesis. Two peptidoglycan recognition proteins, Pglyrp3 and Pglyrp4, are localized to the Psors4 locus on chromosome 1q21 in a gene cluster known as the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC). We show that these genes are expressed in the skin as well as in germinal centers in the tonsil. We tested 13 SNPs in or near these genes for association with psoriasis in two independent patient collections: a family-based patient set comprised of 375 individuals from 101 families, and a case-control patient collection of 282 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and 192 healthy controls. In the family-based analysis, several SNPs in the Pglyrp3-Pglyrp4 locus show association with psoriasis (0.01 < P < 0.05). Multiple-SNP haplotypes incorporating Pglyrp3 and Pglyrp4 SNPs also show significant association in the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT; P < 0.01). In the case-control test, none of the SNPs that we tested show association with psoriasis when analyzed in single-SNP or haplotype-based tests. The discordance between the TDT and case-control results suggests that the two populations are significantly different in disease etiology, that the polymorphism responsible for the Psors4 linkage is elsewhere in the Pglyrp locus, or that the causative Psors4 polymorphism is in a location near but not in the Pglyrp locus. These data are consistent with previous reports of association of psoriasis with genes on 1q21, and suggest a role for Pglyrps in skin biology.

MeSH terms

  • Carrier Proteins / analysis
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1*
  • Family Health
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Frequency
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Linkage Disequilibrium
  • Male
  • Palatine Tonsil / chemistry
  • Palatine Tonsil / metabolism
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Psoriasis / genetics*
  • Psoriasis / metabolism
  • Psoriasis / pathology
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Skin / chemistry
  • Skin / metabolism

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • peptidoglycan recognition protein