Introduction: The accurate acquaintance of the anatomy of the thyroid gland allows reduction of complications to interventions of thyroidectomy, where for the existing topography, the nervous and vascular structures could result vulnerable. The identification of Zuckerkandl's tuberculum could reduce the lesions to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, for constant relationship between the recurrent laryngeal nerve and tuberculum.
Materials and methods: The Authors have studied 605 patients underwent to thyroid surgery for benign or malignant thyroid diseases. The aim was to verify if the incidence of recurrent nerve lesions can be reduced with the identification of the Zuckerkandl's tuberculum and with a knowledge of its anatomical relationships with vascular, nervous and glandular structures near the thyroid.
Results: The Zuckerkandls tuberculum was found in the majority of the cases, with prevalence to the right. Its identification has allowed an immediate and safe identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve, with setting of time of the operation and especially with setting of possible injury to the recurrent nerves.
Discussion: The lobe of Zuckerkandl is the extension of the lateral lobes of the thyroid, composed of thyroid tissue only and so it can be interested in thyroid lesions. This tubercle is considered a constant anatomical landmark for the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior parathyroid glands. The knowledge of the lobe of Zuckerkandl is essential to perform "safety thyroidectomy", without injury for the vascular and nervous structures.
Conclusions: TZ identification is not always easy and/or possible but, when that happens become aware of possible, systematically, the isolation of the recurrent nerve and of the superior parathyroid gland, preserve such structures from possible lesions in surgery of the thyroid gland.