Attrition bias in longitudinal research involving adolescent psychiatric outpatients

J Nerv Ment Dis. 2006 Dec;194(12):958-61. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000243761.52104.91.

Abstract

This study investigated whether the degree of difficulty contacting participants at follow-up in a longitudinal study of adolescent psychiatric outpatients is associated with baseline and/or follow-up Axis I and II psychopathology and sociodemographic variables. At baseline, 101 participants 15 to 18 years old were assessed using standardized diagnostic instruments, and 97 were reinterviewed, face-to-face, at 2-year follow-up. A hierarchical tracking strategy and meticulous follow-up contact log were used. More than one quarter of the sample required multiple tracking efforts to be located and interviewed. The presence and number of Axis I and II disorders at 2-year follow-up was significantly associated with follow-up contact difficulty. Baseline psychopathology and sociodemographic variables were not associated with follow-up contact difficulty. The findings indicate that longitudinal studies of adolescent outpatients that compare dropouts with completers utilizing baseline characteristics are likely to underestimate the extent of psychopathology at follow-up.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Ambulatory Care
  • Australia / epidemiology
  • Data Collection / methods
  • Data Collection / statistics & numerical data*
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies*
  • Mental Disorders / diagnosis
  • Mental Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Mental Disorders / psychology
  • Patient Dropouts / statistics & numerical data*
  • Patient Selection
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / statistics & numerical data
  • Selection Bias