DNA extraction and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used on DNA genomes study of cell lines of Bombyx mori. DNA polymorphic marker analysis was conducted and DNA fingerprint of cell lines of Bombyx mori. was carried out using ISSR and RAPD. Primers that can reliably find polymorphic bands were screened out. 26 ISSR primers were selected from them any available, and 797 polymorphic bands were abtained through PCR amplification in 9 samples, including 3 embryo cell lines of Bombyx mori (BmE-SWU1, BmE-SWU2, BmE-SWU3), 5 passage cell lines (BmE, BmN, Sf9, Sf21, Hi5) and the embryos from which BmE-SWU1 originated. The ration of polymorphic bands was 89.9%. 43 RAPD primers were selected out through PCR amplification, and 1205 polymorphic bands were obtained in 9 samples. The ration of polymorphic bands was 76.6%. There were many DNA polymorphic bands differences in the cell lines of Bombyx mori. The special DNA markers of the 3 embryo cell lines were found respectively. The similarity index Nei and genetic distance of the 9 samples were calculated and the phylogeny tree of 9 samples was constructed by UPGMA. Results showed that 2 groups were divided,one group including the 3 embryo cell lines and the embryo of XQ has close relative. Another group constructed by five insect cell lines came from different species, their genetic distance was closer than the 3 embryo cell lines.