Long-term patient reported outcome of urinary symptoms after hypospadias surgery: norm related study in adolescents

J Urol. 2007 Oct;178(4 Pt 2):1659-62; discussion 1662. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.03.176. Epub 2007 Aug 17.

Abstract

Purpose: Although there are some reports of the functional outcome after hypospadias surgery, long-term patient reported data on urinary symptoms are sparse. We evaluated the long-term outcome of urinary control in patients with hypospadias who were operated in childhood.

Materials and methods: A detailed questionnaire was mailed to 33 patients with hypospadias who were between 18 and 26 years old and had undergone the first operation at age 6 years or younger, and to 50 age matched controls.

Results: A total of 22 patients (66.7%) and 38 controls (76.0%) returned the questionnaire. Mean age was 20.6 years in the hypospadias group and 21.0 years in the control group. Of the 22 patients 8 had mild and 11 had severe hypospadias, while severity was unknown in 3. Straight direction of the urinary stream was noted at a similar rate in the hypospadias and control groups (77% and 71%, respectively). Regarding the urinary stream, no subjects in either group reported it as bad or very bad. Of the hypospadias group 95% of subjects and 89% of controls reported mild or no urinary frequency bother. The incidence of individuals who always or mainly voided while standing was similar in the hypospadias and control groups (91% and 84%, respectively). However, 32% of subjects in the hypospadias group reported moderate or severe terminal dribbling, in contrast to only 3% of controls. When subjects with mild and severe hypospadias were compared, 4 of 11 (36%) with severe hypospadias needed to squeeze the urethra after voiding to eliminate residual urine in the urethra, whereas none with mild hypospadias needed to squeeze the urethra.

Conclusions: Although patients with hypospadias mostly have good urinary control, terminal dribbling is not uncommon, especially in those with severe hypospadias.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hypospadias / complications
  • Hypospadias / surgery*
  • Male
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urination Disorders / epidemiology*