Introduction: The precise role of the remodeling process and possible therapies for bronchiolitis obliterans remain to be established.
Objective: [corrected] In the present study, we sought to validate the importance of nasal collagen V tolerance to verify whether bronchovascular axis remodeling could be reverted by this therapeutic approach when compared to steroid treatment.
Methods: Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, bronchiolitis obliterans, collagen V tolerance, and prednisone groups. Morphometry was employed to evaluate bronchovascular axis dimensions, collagen density, and immune cell response. Collagen V nasal tolerance and steroid-treated mice showed significantly lower values of terminal bronchiole wall thickness and reduction in peribronchovascular cells; bronchioalveolar lymphoid tissue; and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD20+ lymphocytes. A significant decrease in CD68+ macrophage density was found in prednisone-treated mice. In addition, a strong quantitative relationship was found between collagen V tolerance, and reduction in density of immune cells and collagen.
Results: Our results indicate that bronchovascular axis remodeling in bronchiolitis obliterans can be reverted by collagen V nasal tolerance, possibly as the result of T-cell suppression.
Conclusion: We concluded that the tolerance effects in this model were strongly related to the improvement in bronchovascular remodeling, and these may be an appropriate targets for further prospective studies on nasal collagen V tolerance.