In vitro expansion of gamma delta T cells with anti-myeloma cell activity by Phosphostim and IL-2 in patients with multiple myeloma

Br J Haematol. 2007 Oct;139(2):206-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06754.x.

Abstract

T-cell-mediated immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic option for multiple myeloma (MM). Gamma-delta T cells (gammadelta T cells) recognize phosphoantigens and display strong anti-tumour cytotoxicity. The synthetic agonist Phosphostim (bromohydrin pyrophosphate, BrHPP) has been shown to selectively activate Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells. This study aimed to evaluate the expansion capacity and anti-myeloma cell cytotoxicity of circulating gammadelta T cells from MM patients at different time points throughout the disease, using Phosphostim and interleukin 2 (IL-2). Circulating gammadelta T cell counts in patients with newly diagnosed MM or in relapse did not differ from those in healthy donors. A 14-d culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Phosphostim and IL-2 triggered a 100-fold expansion of gammadelta T cells in 78% of newly diagnosed patients. Gammadelta T cells harvested at the time of haematopoietic progenitor collection or in relapsing patients expanded less efficiently. Expanded gammadelta T cells killed 13/14 myeloma cell lines as well as primary myeloma cells, but not normal CD34 cells. Their killing efficiency was not affected by 2-d IL-2 starvation. This study demonstrated the ability of Phosphostim and IL-2 to expand gammadelta T cells from MM patients, and the efficient and stable killing of human myeloma cells by gd T cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adoptive Transfer / methods*
  • Antigens, CD34 / immunology
  • CD3 Complex / immunology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
  • Diphosphates / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-2 / pharmacology*
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / immunology
  • Multiple Myeloma / therapy*
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / metabolism*
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD34
  • CD3 Complex
  • Diphosphates
  • Interleukin-2
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
  • Receptors, CXCR4
  • bromohydrin pyrophosphate