Genotyping of GII.4 and GIIb norovirus RT-PCR amplicons by RFLP analysis

J Virol Methods. 2008 Feb;147(2):250-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.09.005. Epub 2007 Oct 22.

Abstract

GII.4 and GIIb/Hilversum norovirus (NoV) strains appear to have a prominent epidemiological role in outbreaks or sporadic cases of human gastroenteritis. Sequence analysis, although laborious, is the reference method used for characterization of noroviruses. In this study a screening test is proposed to characterize GIIb and GII.4 NoVs based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of amplicons obtained from the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region. Virtual analysis of 793 RdRp sequences of GGI and GGII NoVs, retrieved from GenBank, and representative of global geographical origins on a long-time period, permitted the selection of four restriction enzymes, XmnI, AhdI, BstXI, and AcuI, suitable for correct identification of GIIb and GII.4 NoV genotypes. Experimental analysis by the RT-PCR RFLP analysis of 41 NoV strains detected in Palermo during the years 2002-2005 allowed to recognize all the Italian strains as belonging to GIIb/Hilversum or GII.4, and sequence analysis confirmed these results. The PCR-RFLP protocol developed in this study proved to be a simple and reliable proxy for sequence-based classification of the GIIb/Hilversum and GII.4 NoV variants displaying high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (94%).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Caliciviridae Infections / virology*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Gastroenteritis / virology
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Norovirus / classification*
  • Norovirus / genetics
  • Norovirus / isolation & purification
  • Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*
  • RNA, Viral / isolation & purification
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction*

Substances

  • RNA, Viral