To evaluate the effect of citalopram treatment on quality of life (QoL) and depression in 141 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), QoL was measured by means of the Short Form 36 (SF-36). Patients diagnosed with depression were treated with citalopram for eight weeks and evaluated for the effect of treatment on depressive symptoms and QoL. Thirty-four of 141 patients (24.1%) had depression and treatment with citalopram decreased Beck Depression Inventory Scores and increased the emotional role limitation and the mental health subscale scores of SF-36. This study suggests that citalopram can treat depression and improve QoL in patients with CRF.