Long-acting insulin analogs versus insulin pump therapy for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Care. 2008 Feb:31 Suppl 2:S140-5. doi: 10.2337/dc08-s235.

Abstract

Insulin pump therapy (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]) is now an established form of intensive insulin treatment. It is pertinent to ask, however, if multiple daily injection (MDI) regimens based on new long-acting insulin analogs such as glargine and detemir have now replaced the need for CSII. In type 1 diabetes, CSII reduces the frequency of severe hypoglycemia compared with isophane-based MDIs, but the rate of severe hypoglycemia is usually similar on glargine- or detemir-based MDIs compared with isophane-based MDIs. CSII reduces A1C and glycemic variability compared with isophane-based MDIs; but glargine and detemir do not improve A1C or variability in many patients, particularly those who are prone to hypoglycemia. Head-to-head comparisons of CSII with MDI based on glargine indicate lower A1C, fructosamine, or glucose levels on CSII. It can be concluded that long-acting insulin analogs have not yet replaced the need for insulin pump therapy in type 1 diabetes, and CSII is the best current therapeutic option for some type 1 diabetic subjects. In type 2 diabetes, CSII and MDI produce similar glycemic control, although there is little study of MDI based on long-acting analogs compared with pumps. It is possible that CSII will be beneficial in selected patient groups with type 2 diabetes, but this requires further study.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Area Under Curve
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / drug effects
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia / epidemiology
  • Injections, Subcutaneous
  • Insulin / administration & dosage
  • Insulin / adverse effects
  • Insulin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin Infusion Systems / adverse effects
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Insulin