Since 2000, a resurgence of syphilis cases was observed in France and, particularly, in Paris area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of syphilis prevalence in Nantes area and its impact on our laboratory activity. Between 1999 and 2006, serological tests for syphilis performed at the laboratory were analysed according to the results of these tests, the age and patient sex and the wards. We treated about 32,000 serological tests, over an eight-year period. The number of tests increased by 7.5% per year and patients with a positive result were multiplied by three. These patients were men for 78%, with an average age of 43.4 years. The serological tests providing positive results were in general from two sectors, the anonymous and free detection center and the internal medicine ward and infectious diseases unit. Our study highlighted a strong increase in the number of positive tests, since 2001, with a clear orientation towards a sex male ratio in our area. This inclination currently did not show any decrease, at the opposite to what was observed by the InVS in Paris area.