Long-term outcome prediction by clinicopathological risk classification algorithms in node-negative breast cancer--comparison between Adjuvant!, St Gallen, and a novel risk algorithm used in the prospective randomized Node-Negative-Breast Cancer-3 (NNBC-3) trial

Ann Oncol. 2009 Feb;20(2):258-64. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn590. Epub 2008 Sep 29.

Abstract

Background: Defining risk categories in breast cancer is of considerable clinical significance. We have developed a novel risk classification algorithm and compared its prognostic utility to the Web-based tool Adjuvant! and to the St Gallen risk classification.

Patients and methods: After a median follow-up of 10 years, we retrospectively analyzed 410 consecutive node-negative breast cancer patients who had not received adjuvant systemic therapy. High risk was defined by any of the following criteria: (i) age <35 years, (ii) grade 3, (iii) human epithelial growth factor receptor-2 positivity, (iv) vascular invasion, (v) progesterone receptor negativity, (vi) grade 2 tumors >2 cm. All patients were also characterized using Adjuvant! and the St Gallen 2007 risk categories. We analyzed disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results: The Node-Negative-Breast Cancer-3 (NNBC-3) algorithm enlarged the low-risk group to 37% as compared with Adjuvant! (17%) and St Gallen (18%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, both Adjuvant! [P = 0.027, hazard ratio (HR) 3.81, 96% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-12.47] and the NNBC-3 risk classification (P = 0.049, HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.00-3.81) significantly predicted OS, but only the NNBC-3 algorithm retained its prognostic significance in multivariate analysis for DFS (P < 0.0005).

Conclusion: The novel NNBC-3 risk algorithm is the only clinicopathological risk classification algorithm significantly predicting DFS as well as OS.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Algorithms*
  • Breast Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Breast Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Breast Neoplasms / surgery
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Genes, erbB-2*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Receptors, Progesterone / analysis
  • Regression Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Survival Analysis
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Receptors, Progesterone