Subjective psychological well-being (WHO-5) in assessment of the severity of suicide attempt

Nord J Psychiatry. 2008;62(6):431-5. doi: 10.1080/08039480801959273.

Abstract

An objective way to measure the severity of suicide attempt is to use different psychometric scales. Aspects of suicide risk like suicidal intent, depression, hopelessness and well-being can be assessed and different practical scales are in use to facilitate the risk assessment procedure. The aims of current study were: 1) to analyse the association between the severity of suicide attempt measured by suicidal intent scale and characteristics of emotional status of suicide attempters measured by depression, hopelessness and well-being scales in different gender and age groups; 2) to test the applicability of well-being measured by the World Health Organisation well-being index (WHO-5) in suicide risk assessment. The data on suicide attempters (n=469) was obtained in Estonia (Tallinn) by the WHO Suicide Prevention-Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviours (SUPRE-MISS) methodology. Different psychometric scales were used to measure suicidal intent (Pierce Suicidal Intent Scale) and emotional status (Beck Depression Inventory for depression, Beck Hopelessness Scale for hopelessness, WHO-5 for well-being). All psychometric scales correlated well with each other (P<0.05). Low level of well-being associated with high level of suicidal intent, depression and hopelessness. Suicidal intent correlated the most strongly with well-being. Analysis by gender and age groups revealed also significant correlations with two exceptions only: correlation between suicidal intent and hopelessness did not reach the significant level in males and in older adults (40+). The WHO-5 well-being scale, which is a short and emotionally positively loaded instrument measuring protective factors, can be used in settings without psychological/psychiatric expertise in preliminary suicide risk assessment.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Depressive Disorder / diagnosis
  • Depressive Disorder / psychology
  • Female
  • Health Promotion
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Intention
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Motivation
  • Personality Inventory / statistics & numerical data*
  • Psychometrics / statistics & numerical data
  • Quality of Life / psychology*
  • Risk Assessment / statistics & numerical data
  • Sex Factors
  • Suicide, Attempted / prevention & control
  • Suicide, Attempted / psychology*
  • World Health Organization
  • Young Adult