Aim: To examine the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) using both International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) definitions in Chinese subjects with Type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Subjects with Type 2 diabetes were categorized according to the presence or absence of MetS by IDF or NCEP-ATPIII criteria. CKD was considered present if glomerular filtration rate, calculated using the abbreviated equation developed by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study with Chinese modification, was < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the association between CKD and MetS by either definition was performed.
Results: Of 6350 subjects (mean age 55.1 +/- 13.3 years), 3439 (54.2%) and 3204 (50.5%) had MetS by IDF and NCEP-ATPIII definitions, respectively. Using the IDF definition, the presence of MetS was not associated with CKD [odds ratio (OR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71, 1.29, P = 0.784]. In contrast, the association with CKD was significant when MetS was defined by the NCEP-ATPIII definition (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.37, 2.24, P < 0.001). In subjects who did not have MetS (n = 2911) as defined by IDF criteria, 997 fulfilled the MetS criteria of NCEP-ATP III. The association with CKD was stronger, after adjustment for covariates, in these subjects (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.03, 1.97, P = 0.032) compared with subjects who met IDF criteria of MetS.
Conclusion: In Type 2 diabetes, NCEP-ATPIII, but not the IDF definition of MetS, identifies a subgroup of patients who have a higher risk of CKD.