Due to innovative advancements in quantitative MS technologies, proteomics has evolved from taking mere "snapshots" of distinct proteomes in a defined state to monitoring, for instance, changes in abundance, location and/or posttranslational modification(s) of proteins under various conditions, thereby facilitating the functional characterization of proteins in large scale experiments. In plant biology, MS-based quantitative proteomics strategies utilizing stable isotope labeling or label-free methods for protein quantification have only recently been started to find increasing application to comparative and functional proteomics analyses. This review summarizes latest trends and applications in MS-based quantitative plant proteomics and provides insight into different technologies available. In addition, the studies presented here illustrate the enormous potential of quantitative MS for the analysis of important functional aspects with the emphasis on organellar and phosphoproteomics as well as dynamics and turnover of proteins in plants.