Engagement of the lysine-specific demethylase/HDAC1/CoREST/REST complex by herpes simplex virus 1

J Virol. 2009 May;83(9):4376-85. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02515-08. Epub 2009 Feb 4.

Abstract

Among the early events in herpes simplex virus 1 replication are localization of ICP0 in ND10 bodies and accumulation of viral DNA-protein complexes in structures abutting ND10. ICP0 degrades components of ND10 and blocks silencing of viral DNA, achieving the latter by dislodging HDAC1 or -2 from the lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1)/CoREST/REST repressor complex. The role of this process is apparent from the observation that a dominant-negative CoREST protein compensates for the absence of ICP0 in a cell-dependent fashion. HDAC1 or -2 and the CoREST/REST complex are independently translocated to the nucleus once viral DNA synthesis begins. The focus of this report is twofold. First, we report that in infected cells, LSD1, a key component of the repressor complex, is partially degraded or remains stably associated with CoREST and is ultimately also translocated, in part, to the cytoplasm. Second, we examined the distribution of the components of the repressor complex and ICP8 early in infection in wild-type-virus- and ICP0 mutant virus-infected cells. The repressor component and ultimately ICP8 localize in structures that abut the ND10 nuclear bodies. There is no evidence that the two compartments fuse. We propose that ICP0 must dynamically interact with both compartments in order to accomplish its functions of degrading PML and SP100 and suppressing silencing of viral DNA through its interactions with CoREST. In turn, the remodeling of the viral DNA-protein complex enables recruitment of ICP8 and initiation of formation of replication compartments.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies / immunology
  • Co-Repressor Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / immunology
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / genetics
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / metabolism*
  • Histone Deacetylase 1
  • Histone Deacetylases / metabolism*
  • Histone Demethylases
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / immunology
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • Repressor Proteins / immunology
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism*
  • Viral Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Antibodies
  • CALCOCO2 protein, human
  • Co-Repressor Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • ICP8 protein, Simplexvirus
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • RCOR1 protein, human
  • RE1-silencing transcription factor
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Viral Proteins
  • Histone Demethylases
  • KDM1A protein, human
  • Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating
  • HDAC1 protein, human
  • Histone Deacetylase 1
  • Histone Deacetylases