Unique phenotype of human tonsillar and in vitro-induced FOXP3+CD8+ T cells

J Immunol. 2009 Feb 15;182(4):2124-30. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0802271.

Abstract

Forkhead box p3 (FOXP3) is known to program the acquisition of suppressive capacities in CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Treg), whereas its role in CD8(+) T cells is unknown. The current study investigates whether FOXP3 also acts as a Treg master switch in peripheral blood and tonsillar CD8(+) T cells. Single-cell analyses reveal the existence of a FOXP3(+)CD8(+) population in human tonsils, whereas FOXP3(+)CD8(+) T cells are rarely detected in peripheral blood. Tonsillar FOXP3(+)CD8(+) T cells exhibit a Treg phenotype with high CTLA-4 and CD45RO and low CD127 and CD69 expression. Interestingly, the tonsillar FOXP3(+)CD8(+) T cells are mostly CD25(negative) and some cells also express the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, or IL-17A. Particularly, IL-17A-expressing cells are present among FOXP3(+)CD8(+) T cells. Even though FOXP3 expression is at the detection limit in peripheral blood CD8(+) T cells ex vivo, it can be induced in vitro in naive CD8(+) T cells by polyclonal stimulation. The induced FOXP3(+)CD8(+) T cells are predominantly CD25(high) and CD28(high) and similar to tonsillar cells, they produce high levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and granzyme B. However, IL-4 expression is mutually exclusive and IL-17A expression is not detectable. These FOXP3(+)CD8(+) T cells suppress the proliferation of CD4(+) T cells in cocultures, while showing no direct cytotoxic activity. In conclusion, the current study characterizes FOXP3-expressing CD8(+) T cells from human tonsils and shows that in vitro activation leads to FOXP3 expression in CD8(+) T cells and gain of suppressive activity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Blotting, Western
  • CD28 Antigens / immunology
  • CD28 Antigens / metabolism
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / immunology*
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / immunology
  • Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / metabolism
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Palatine Tonsil / cytology*
  • Palatine Tonsil / immunology
  • Phenotype
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism

Substances

  • CD28 Antigens
  • Cytokines
  • FOXP3 protein, human
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit