Phase III trial of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (AC), docetaxel, and alternating AC and docetaxel as front-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer: Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial (JCOG9802)

Ann Oncol. 2009 Jul;20(7):1210-5. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn781. Epub 2009 Mar 2.

Abstract

Background: This randomized, multicenter, phase III trial compared doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (AC), single-agent docetaxel (D), and an alternating regimen of AC and docetaxel (AC-D) as first-line chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Patients and methods: Patients with MBC resistant to endocrine therapy were entered in a randomized study to receive either six cycles of AC (doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2), D (60 mg/m2), or alternating treatment with AC-D (i.e. three cycles of AC and three cycles of D). Treatment was administered every 3 weeks.

Results: A total of 441 patients were entered in a randomized study. Response rates were 30% for AC, 41% for D, and 35% for AC-D. The median times to treatment failure (TTFs) were 6.4, 6.4, and 6.7 months (one-sided log-rank test, P = 0.13 for AC versus D, P = 0.14 for AC versus AC-D) and median overall survival (OS) was 22.6, 25.7, and 25.0 months (P = 0.09 for AC versus D, P = 0.13 for AC versus AC-D) in the AC, D, and AC-D, respectively.

Conclusion: There was no difference in the TTF among the three arms. However, there was a trend toward a better response and better OS in the D than in the AC.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
  • Docetaxel
  • Doxorubicin / administration & dosage
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Taxoids / administration & dosage
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Failure
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Taxoids
  • Docetaxel
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cyclophosphamide

Supplementary concepts

  • AC protocol