The world's experience with facial transplantation: what have we learned thus far?

Ann Plast Surg. 2009 Nov;63(5):572-8. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181ba5245.

Abstract

The objective of this review article is to summarize the published details and media citations for all seven face transplants performed to date to point out deficiencies in those reports so as to provide the basis for examining where the field of face transplantation stands, and to act as a stimulus to enhance the quality of future reports and functional outcomes. Overall long-term function of facial alloflaps has been reported satisfactorily in all seven cases. Sensory recovery ranges between 3 and 6 months, and acceptable motor recovery ranges between 9 and 12 months. The risks and benefits of facial composite tissue allotransplantation, which involves mandatory lifelong immunosuppression analogous to kidney transplants, should be deliberated by each institution's multidisciplinary face transplant team. Face transplantation has been shown thus far to be a viable option in some patients suffering severe facial deficits which are not amenable to modern-day reconstructive technique.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Burns, Electric / surgery
  • Facial Injuries / surgery*
  • Facial Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Graft Rejection / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurofibromatosis 1 / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Recovery of Function
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wounds, Gunshot / surgery

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents