Generation of ultrahigh-velocity ionizing shocks with petawatt-class laser pulses

Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Dec 18;103(25):255001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.255001. Epub 2009 Dec 16.

Abstract

Ultrahigh-velocity shock waves (approximately 10,000 km/s or 0.03c) are generated by focusing a 350-TW laser pulse into low-density helium gas. The collisionless ultrahigh-Mach-number electrostatic shock propagates from the plasma into the surrounding gas, ionizing gas as it becomes collisional. The shock undergoes a corrugation instability due to propagation of the ionizing shock within the gas (the Dyakov-Kontorovich instability). This system may be relevant to the study of very high-Mach-number ionizing shocks in astrophysical situations.