IL-4 directs both CD4 and CD8 T cells to produce Th2 cytokines in vitro, but only CD4 T cells produce these cytokines in response to alum-precipitated protein in vivo

Mol Immunol. 2010 Jun;47(10):1914-22. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.03.010. Epub 2010 Apr 13.

Abstract

While IL-4 directs CD4 T cells to produce Th2 cytokines (including IL-4, IL-13, IL-5) in vitro it has been shown that production of these cytokines can be induced in vivo in the absence of IL-4/IL-13/STAT-6 signaling. The present report shows that CD8 as well as CD4 T cells activated through their TCR, in vitro upregulate the Th2-features - IL-4, IL-13, IL-5, and GATA-3. However, in vivo while alum-precipitated antigen strongly and selectively induces these Th2-features in CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells mount a markedly different response to this antigen. This CD8 response is associated with strong proliferation and production of IFN-gamma, but no Th2-features are induced. Alum-protein formulations are widely used in human vaccines and typically induce strong antibody responses characterized by the differentiation of IL-4-producing CD4 T cells and immunoglobulin class switching to IgG1. Nevertheless, the mechanism responsible for CD4 Th2 and follicular helper T cell commitment triggered by these alum-protein vaccines is still poorly understood. Analysis of the in vivo response to alum-precipitated protein shows that while subsets of CD4 T cells strongly upregulate Th2 and follicular helper T cell features including the surface markers OX40, CXCR5, PD-1, IL-17RB and the transcription factor c-Maf, CD8 T cells do not. These discrete differences between responding CD4 and CD8 T cells provide further insight into the differences between Th2 polarization of CD4 T cells directed by IL-4 in vitro and the induction of IL-4 production by CD4 T cells in vivo in response to alum-precipitated protein.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alum Compounds / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cell Separation
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis*
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Immunologic Factors / immunology
  • Immunologic Factors / metabolism
  • Interleukin-4 / immunology*
  • Interleukin-4 / metabolism
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Ovalbumin / immunology
  • Peptide Fragments / immunology
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Th2 Cells / immunology

Substances

  • Alum Compounds
  • Cytokines
  • Immunologic Factors
  • OVA-8
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Interleukin-4
  • Ovalbumin