Temperament and character dimensions associated with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys

Compr Psychiatry. 2010 May-Jun;51(3):286-92. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.08.004.

Abstract

Background: Although differential patterns of temperament and character have been documented in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), few studies have investigated relations between these dimensions, clinical features of ADHD, and treatment outcome.

Methods: Ninety-five boys with ADHD and 87 controls participated in the study; 88.5% of the referred patients were reassessed after optimal titration of methylphendiate treatment.

Results: Compared with controls, boys with ADHD showed a temperament profile of high novelty seeking, low reward dependence, and persistence, as well as low scores on both self-determination and cooperativeness character dimensions. No significant differences were found between subjects with ADHD and controls in harm avoidance. Temperament and character traits were related to specific symptom domains and comorbidity but did not predict global severity of ADHD. Persistent and immature children with ADHD were more likely to experience short-term remission.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / drug therapy*
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / psychology*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / therapeutic use*
  • Character*
  • Child
  • Cooperative Behavior
  • Exploratory Behavior
  • Humans
  • Internal-External Control
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Methylphenidate / therapeutic use*
  • Motivation
  • Paris
  • Personality Assessment / statistics & numerical data
  • Psychometrics
  • Reward
  • Temperament*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Methylphenidate