In vitro antiprotozoal, antimicrobial and antitumor activity of Pavetta crassipes K. Schum leaf extracts

J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Aug 9;130(3):529-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.042. Epub 2010 May 31.

Abstract

Aim of the study: To study the potential benefit of the traditional medicinal plant Pavetta crassipes K. Schum (Rubiaceae), which is widely distributed throughout West Africa, the methanol and dichloromethane extracts were isolated from the plant leaves to determine if they exhibited antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal or antitumor activity in vitro.

Materials and methods: The methanol and dichloromethane extracts and their specific fractions were obtained using bioassay-guided fractionation and investigated for antiproliferative activity in vitro in microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans), protozoans (Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania infantum and Plasmodium falciparum), and cancer (U373, PC3, MXT and A549) and normal cell lines (NHDF and MRC-5).

Results: Most of the alkaloid fractions investigated exhibited antiproliferative activity in all the cancer cell lines, microorganisms and protozoans studied.

Conclusions: The benefit of Pavetta crassipes as a traditional medicinal remedy was confirmed using antiprotozoal and cytotoxicity assays in vitro. These analyses revealed that the components present in the alkaloid extract of Pavetta crassipes are responsible for its antiprotozoal and cytotoxic efficacy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alkaloids / isolation & purification
  • Alkaloids / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / isolation & purification
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / isolation & purification
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Medicine, African Traditional
  • Mice
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plant Leaves
  • Rubiaceae / chemistry*

Substances

  • Alkaloids
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Plant Extracts