Duplication of the TGFBR1 gene causes features of Loeys-Dietz syndrome

Eur J Med Genet. 2010 Nov-Dec;53(6):408-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.08.004. Epub 2010 Sep 20.

Abstract

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS; OMIM:609192) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypertelorism, bifid uvula or cleft palate, and arterial tortuosity with widespread vascular aneurysms and a high risk of aortic dissection at an early age. LDS results from mutations in the transforming growth factor beta-receptor I and II (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2) genes, altering the transmission of the subcellular TGF-β signal, mediated by increased activation of Smad2. We report on a 17-year-old boy with pubertas tarda, a bifid uvula, camptodactyly and facial dysmorphic features, suggestive of LDS. Mutation analysis of TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 was normal. By means of molecular karyotyping two previously unreported chromosomal imbalances were detected: a 120 kb deletion on chromosome 22q13.31q13.32, inherited from an unaffected parent, and a de novo 14.6 Mb duplication on chromosome 9q22.32q31.3, comprising TGFBR1. We hypothesize that copy number gain of TGFBR1 contributes to the phenotype.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple / genetics
  • Adolescent
  • Aortic Aneurysm / genetics
  • Aortic Dissection / genetics
  • Chromosome Deletion
  • Comparative Genomic Hybridization / methods*
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics
  • Gene Duplication
  • Hand Deformities, Congenital / genetics
  • Humans
  • Loeys-Dietz Syndrome / genetics*
  • Male
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics*
  • Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
  • Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
  • Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics

Substances

  • Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
  • Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
  • TGFBR1 protein, human