Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein 4 as a marker for proliferation and its clinical and clinicopathological significance in non-small cell lung cancer

Lung Cancer. 2011 May;72(2):229-37. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2010.08.020. Epub 2010 Sep 29.

Abstract

Background: Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins 2-7 form a complex essential for the initiation of DNA replication. In the process to screen expression changes related to growth suppression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by a cJun dominant-negative mutant, we found that reduced expression of MCM4 was correlated with this growth suppression.

Method: We determined the relevance of MCM4 in proliferation of NSCLC by downregulating its expression with small-interfering RNA in three NSCLC cell lines. We then immunohistochemically analyzed MCM4 expression in 156 surgically resected NSCLCs to correlate clinicopathologic characteristics.

Results: MCM4 downregulation reduced proliferation in two cell lines. MCM4 expression was higher in cancer cells than in adjacent normal bronchial epithelial cells (p<0.001). High MCM4 expression was correlated with male gender, heavy smoking, poorer differentiation and non-adenocarcinoma histology (p<0.001, respectively). High MCM4 expression was also correlated with proliferation markers, Ki-67 and cyclin E expression (p<0.001, respectively). MCM4 expression was not associated with survival.

Conclusion: MCM4 may play an essential role in the proliferation of some NSCLC cells. Taken together with higher expression in NSCLCs and its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics such as non-adenocarcinoma histology, MCM4 may have potential as a therapeutic target in certain population with NSCLCs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / physiopathology
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Growth Processes / genetics
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cyclin E / genetics
  • Cyclin E / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • Ki-67 Antigen / genetics
  • Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 4
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • Respiratory Mucosa / metabolism*
  • Respiratory Mucosa / pathology
  • Sex Factors
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Cyclin E
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Ki-67 Antigen
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • MCM4 protein, human
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 4