Evaluation of ricin A chain-containing immunotoxins directed against the CD30 antigen as potential reagents for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease

Cancer Res. 1990 Jan 1;50(1):84-8.

Abstract

Five monoclonal CD30 antibodies and two Fab' fragments were linked to deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgA), and their potential as immunotoxins for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease was evaluated. Cross-blocking experiments demonstrated that HRS-1, HRS-3, HRS-4, and Ber-H2 recognize the same epitope on the CD30 antigen and that Ki-1 binds to a different epitope. Scatchard analyses showed that HRS-3, HRS-4, and Ber-H2 bound strongly to L540 Hodgkin cells (Kd 15, 7, and 14 nM, respectively), whereas HRS-1 and Ki-1 bound more weakly (Kd 160 and 380 nM, respectively). The different affinities of the antibodies correlated closely with their cytotoxic potency as immunotoxins. HRS-3.dgA, HRS-4.dgA, and Ber-H2.dgA inhibited the protein synthesis of L540 cells by 50% at concentrations of 0.9-2.0 x 10(-10) M, whereas HRS-1.dgA and Ki-1.dgA were about 100 times less potent with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 0.8-1.0 x 10(-8) M. The most effective immunotoxins, HRS-3.dgA and HRS-4.dgA, were only 15 times less toxic than ricin itself. HRS-3 Fab'.dgA and HRS-4 Fab'.dgA were 7.8 and 3 times less potent than their IgG.dgA counterparts with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 7 x 10(-10) and 3 x 10(-10) M, respectively. Staining of human tissues revealed an unexpected cross-reactivity of HRS-4 with pancreatic cells of malignant and nonmalignant origin. HRS-1, HRS-3, Ber-H2, and Ki-1 showed very little cross-reactivity with any normal human tissues. It is concluded that HRS-3.dgA and HRS-3 Fab'.dgA are the immunotoxins of choice for in vivo therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
  • Antigen-Antibody Complex / analysis
  • Antigens, CD / immunology*
  • Antigens, Differentiation / immunology*
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cross Reactions
  • Female
  • Hodgkin Disease / drug therapy*
  • Hodgkin Disease / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunotoxins / therapeutic use*
  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Ki-1 Antigen
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Ricin / therapeutic use*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured / drug effects

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antigen-Antibody Complex
  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Differentiation
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunotoxins
  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Ki-1 Antigen
  • Ricin