Graves' disease in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a prevalence study in western Sicily (Italy)

Prim Care Diabetes. 2011 Dec;5(4):241-4. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2011.06.001. Epub 2011 Jun 24.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the prevalence of Graves' disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus all coming from a defined geographical area (western Sicily-Italy) and to investigate the clinical features of these subjects.

Methods: The records of 470 consecutive patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus referred in a 5-year period were analyzed.

Results: During the period of the survey, out of 470 patients with type 1 diabetes, 14 (3%) had a previous diagnosis of Graves' disease. There were 9 female and 5 male; these patients showed a high age at diabetes onset (mean 38 years). Diagnosis of Graves' disease was often pre-existing or simultaneous to that of diabetes. Vitiligo was coexisting in 4 subjects; none of them presented other autoimmune diseases. Graves' orbitopathy was present in two cases.

Conclusions: Our data confirm the frequent association between Graves' disease and type 1 diabetes. Graves' disease often preceded diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, particularly in female subjects with a high age at diabetes onset; therefore, in these subjects, an active search for the presence of pancreatic autoimmunity is warranted for many years after thyroid dysfunction appearance.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Comorbidity
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Graves Disease / diagnosis
  • Graves Disease / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sicily / epidemiology
  • Time Factors
  • Vitiligo / epidemiology
  • Young Adult