Factors associated with the response of age-related macular degeneration to intravitreal ranibizumab treatment

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate factors affecting patient response to intravitreal ranibizumab treatment for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of 105 consecutive eyes with AMD treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injections and followed for more than 1 year after treatment. Response to ranibizumab treatment was compared between typical neovascular AMD and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Furthermore, we investigated associations of age, lesion size, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CFH and ARMS2 genes with treatment response.

Results: Forty-nine eyes were diagnosed with typical neovascular AMD and 56 eyes with PCV. Serous retinal detachment and retinal edema resolved similarly in both typical neovascular AMD and PCV after treatment. However, visual acuity (VA) significantly improved in eyes with PCV, whereas VA was maintained in typical neovascular AMD. At the third and twelfth months after injection, VA was better in PCV than in typical neovascular AMD (P = .027 and P = .044, respectively), although there were no differences in baseline VA between the 2 groups. Age and size of greatest linear dimension were significantly associated with visual prognosis in typical neovascular AMD but not in PCV. There was no clear association between 3 SNPs and responsiveness to ranibizumab treatment.

Conclusions: Although exudative changes were equivalent following ranibizumab treatment in both typical neovascular AMD and PCV, there was a significant increase in VA in PCV compared to typical neovascular AMD. Age and greatest linear dimension correlated with visual prognosis only in typical neovascular AMD and not in PCV.