The colocalization potential of HIV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells is mediated by integrin β7 but not CCR6 and regulated by retinoic acid

PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e32964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032964. Epub 2012 Mar 28.

Abstract

CD4(+) T-cells from gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) are major targets for HIV-1 infection. Recruitment of excess effector CD8(+) T-cells in the proximity of target cells is critical for the control of viral replication. Here, we investigated the colocalization potential of HIV-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cells into the GALT and explored the role of retinoic acid (RA) in regulating this process in a cohort of HIV-infected subjects with slow disease progression. The expression of the gut-homing molecules integrin β7, CCR6, and CXCR3 was identified as a "signature" for HIV-specific but not CMV-specific CD4(+) T-cells thus providing a new explanation for their enhanced permissiveness to infection in vivo. HIV-specific CD8(+) T-cells also expressed high levels of integrin β7 and CXCR3; however CCR6 was detected at superior levels on HIV-specific CD4(+) versus CD8(+) T-cells. All trans RA (ATRA) upregulated the expression of integrin β7 but not CCR6 on HIV-specific T-cells. Together, these results suggest that HIV-specific CD8(+) T-cells may colocalize in excess with CD4(+) T-cells into the GALT via integrin β7 and CXCR3, but not via CCR6. Considering our previous findings that CCR6(+)CD4(+) T-cells are major cellular targets for HIV-DNA integration in vivo, a limited ability of CD8(+) T-cells to migrate in the vicinity of CCR6(+)CD4(+) T-cells may facilitate HIV replication and dissemination at mucosal sites.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • HIV / immunology
  • HIV Infections / metabolism*
  • HIV Infections / pathology
  • Humans
  • Integrin beta Chains / metabolism*
  • Keratolytic Agents / pharmacology
  • Receptors, CCR4 / metabolism
  • Receptors, CCR6 / metabolism*
  • Receptors, CXCR3 / metabolism
  • Tretinoin / pharmacology*
  • Up-Regulation / drug effects*

Substances

  • CCR4 protein, human
  • CCR6 protein, human
  • CXCR3 protein, human
  • Integrin beta Chains
  • Keratolytic Agents
  • Receptors, CCR4
  • Receptors, CCR6
  • Receptors, CXCR3
  • integrin beta7
  • Tretinoin