Intracellular logistics of BST-2/tetherin

Curr HIV Res. 2012 Jun;10(4):321-6. doi: 10.2174/157016212800792522.

Abstract

Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) is a type II membrane protein with two targeting signals, one of which is located in the cytoplasmic domain and contains a non-canonical dual tyrosine-based motif responsible for its endocytosis from the plasma membrane, and the other is a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor that facilitates its association with detergent-resistant membranes/lipid rafts and targeting to the apical domain in polarized epithelial cells. Due to its unusual topology at the membrane, BST-2 takes unique and complicated trafficking routes in cells. Recently, a physiological role for BST-2 as the "tetherin" molecule for viruses, especially for HIV-1, has been extensively examined. These studies have shown that the biosynthesis, intracellular trafficking, localization, and structure of human BST-2 are closely related to its antiviral activity. This review provides an overview of the intracellular logistics of human BST-2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism*
  • Antigens, Surface
  • Cricetinae
  • Down-Regulation
  • Endocytosis
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / metabolism*
  • HIV-1 / metabolism*
  • HIV-1 / ultrastructure
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • Membrane Microdomains / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Protein Transport
  • Rats
  • Ubiquitin / metabolism
  • Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Surface
  • BST2 protein, human
  • BST2 protein, mouse
  • Bst2 protein, rat
  • GPI-Linked Proteins
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Ubiquitin
  • Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
  • vpu protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1